Faced with this primary pollution factor, “Yangtze River Protection” has a new proposition
Release time：2024-09-30click：0
Under the main theme of "joint efforts to protect and avoid large-scale development", the Yangtze River Economic Belt watershed management has ushered in a new proposition: total phosphorus pollution. As the traditional economic development model makes excessive demands on the Yangtze River, some places have intensively deployed high-polluting industries along the river, including "three phosphorus" companies. Faced with this primary pollution factor, Yangtze River water quality control will still face many challenges in 2019.
In the next two years, the ecological restoration of the Yangtze River Economic Belt will once again usher in a new keyword: "three phosphorus" management. At the regular press conference of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment at the end of May, Cao Liping, director of the Ecological Environment Law Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that it would take two years to fully understand the amount of "three phosphorus". In 2019, environmental improvement of Huang Phosphorus Enterprises will become the first move.
"Three phosphorus", namely phosphate rock, phosphorus chemical enterprise, and phosphogypsum warehouse. In the "Action Plan for the Protection and Restoration of the Yangtze River" jointly issued by the two ministries and commissions, it was clearly stated that the comprehensive improvement of "three phosphorus" should be promoted. Among the eight special actions to protect and restore the Yangtze River, launching the investigation and rectification of "three phosphorus" enterprises along the line is one of them. In addition to renovating historical stockpiles, many places along the river will also strictly control the increase and prohibit new phosphorus-related production companies.
In the Yangtze River Basin, total phosphorus has so far exceeded COD (chemical oxygen demand) and ammonia nitrogen, becoming the primary pollutant in the entire basin, and the "three phosphorus" problem is causing the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. An important cause of total phosphorus pollution. According to public information, there are more than 800 "three phosphorus" companies in total so far. Among them, the total output of phosphate fertilizers distributed in seven provinces and cities including Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, and Yunnan accounts for nearly 80% of the country's total output.
Taking 2017 as an example, at that time only in the Yangtze River Basin of Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hubei, the number of river sections with total phosphorus exceeding the Class III surface water standard was nearly 60 pcs. In addition, phosphate rock mining in the middle and upper reaches of the basin is mostly in karst areas, where leakage is particularly serious and groundwater systems are crisscrossed, making it difficult to accurately grasp the direction of groundwater flow. But in fact, phosphorus is regarded by the industry as a very valuable and widely used resource.
After sorting out the pollution indicators in the Yangtze River Basin in the first four months of 2019, the editor of Environmental Protection Online found that only in the same period, total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, Ammonia nitrogen and permanganate indexes are still at the forefront of the Yangtze River water ecological environment pollution factors. As shown below:
However, among these five major pollution indicators, in sharp contrast to the monthly decrease in the ammonia nitrogen index, the number of sections exceeding the standard for total phosphorus has begun to rise significantly since February 2019. In April, there were nearly 30, accounting for 26%. In the view of Zhang Bo, Director of the Water Environment Management Department, the "three phosphorus" in the Yangtze River Basin exceeded the standard. It is inseparable from agricultural non-point source pollution and the increasingly severe water ecology of the Yangtze River Basin, which is especially easy to cause pollution in local areas such as the middle and upper reaches. For example, in terms of agricultural non-point source pollution, public data show that the national fertilizer application amount in 2015 was 20%. An increase of more than 43.69% from 15 years ago. In addition, the lack of monitoring and evaluation by local governments has also become an important factor in excessive phosphorus emissions.
Against the background of large historical debts and increasing rigid demand for phosphorus. How to solve the "three phosphorus" problem? The Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Implementation Plan for the Special Investigation and Control Action of "Three Phosphorus" in the Yangtze River, making specific arrangements for the investigation of this problem that plagues the ecological restoration of the Yangtze River, and targeting the "three phosphorus". "Key Points" refers to phosphate rock, phosphorus chemicals and phosphogypsum libraries. The details are as shown in the following figure:
< div> Through the above-mentioned step-by-step and focused special actions, the overall requirement is to conduct supervision, inspection and evaluation of the investigation and rectification situation before the end of 2020, and implement "one enterprise, one policy" treatment measures based on the evaluation results for two years. In about time, we will basically understand the bottom line of the "three phosphorus" industry, and focus on solving the prominent ecological and environmental problems in the "three phosphorus" industry such as heavy pollution, high risks, serious violations of laws and regulations. Due to the objective difficulty of rectification and the special situation, phosphogypsum. The remediation plan for the reservoir needs to be determined based on the actual situation.
